Biomarker: DNA ploidy

Biomarker subtype: DNA

Clinical application: prognosis(unfavorable)

Histology type: endometrial carcinoma

Stage: stage I

Country: Sweden

Region: Stockholm

Study type: Comparative Study

Followed up time : 77 months (65/91 months)

Cohort age: 69;44-90

Sample type : tissue

Clinical method: immunohistochemistry/image cytometry/Interpretations of DNA histograms

Expression pattern : DNA ploidy

Expression elevation: The classification of the DNA profiles was carried out according to Auer et al. (21). According to this classification, the DNA histograms obtained by image cytometry were subdivided into four types. Type I (‘diploid’) showed a single peak in the ‘diploid’ or ‘near diploid’ region (1.8c/2.2c) of normal cells. Type II (‘diploid/ tetraploid’) was characterized by a single peak in the ‘tetraploid’ region (3.8c/4.2c) or a peak in both the ‘diploid’ and the ‘tetraploid’ regions (/20% of the total cell population). The total number of cells with DNA-values between the ‘diploid’ and ‘tetraploid’ regions and those exceeding the ‘tetraploid’ region wasB/5%. Type III (‘proliferating diploid’) showed a distribution pattern comparable with that of proliferating normal populations, that is a main peak in the ‘diploid’ region, a substantial number of cells in the S-phase region (/5%) and a minor peak in the ‘tetraploid’ region (B/20%). Type IV was characterized by scattered DNA-values significantly exceeding the ‘tetraploid’ region. In this material, types I/III were considered as diploid, and type IV as aneuploid.

Statictics: Median;Range

Cohort age: 69;44-90

Description: DNA ploidy was the strongest predictor of relapse-free survival and the only independent prognostic factor in the endometrioid subgroup.

Detailed Description: Ploidy is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell, and hence the number of possible alleles for autosomal and pseudoautosomal genes. Sets of chromosomes refer to the number of maternal and paternal chromosome copies, respectively, in each homologous chromosome pair, which chromosomes naturally exist as. Somatic cells, tissues, and individual organisms can be described according to the number of sets of chromosomes present (the "ploidy level"): monoploid (1 set), diploid (2 sets), triploid (3 sets), tetraploid (4 sets), pentaploid (5 sets), hexaploid (6 sets), heptaploid[doi:10.1007/bf00119108] or septaploid[3] (7 sets), etc. The generic term polyploid is often used to describe cells with three or more chromosome sets.[doi:10.1007/978-3-642-96327-8][Darlington, C. D. (Cyril Dean) (1937). Recent advances in cytology. Philadelphia: P. Blakiston's son & co. p. 60.]